网络监督数据下的细粒度图像识别综述

细粒度图像识别旨在对某一传统语义类别下细粒度级别的不同子类类别进行视觉识别,在智慧新经济和工业物联网等领域（如智慧城市、公共安全、生态保护、农业生产与安全保障）具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。细粒度图像识别在深度学习的助力下取得了长足进步,但其对大规模优质细粒度图像数据的依赖成为制约细粒度图像识别推广和普及的瓶颈。随着互联网和大数据的快速发展,网络监督图像数据作为免费的数据来源成为缓解深度学习对大数据依赖的可行解决方案,如何有效利用网络监督数据成为提升细粒度图像识别推广性和泛化性的热门课题。本文围绕细粒度图像识别主题,以网络监督数据下的细粒度识别为重点,先后对细粒度识别数据集、传统细粒度识别方法、网络监督下细粒度识别特点与方法进行介绍,并回顾了全球首届网络监督下的细粒度图像识别竞赛的相关情况及冠军解决方案。最后,在上述内容基础上总结和讨论了该领域的未来发展趋势。     

自适应非局部3维全变分彩色图像去噪

目的 许多彩色图像去噪算法未充分利用图像局部和非局部的相似性信息,并且忽略了真实噪声在彩色图像不同区域内分布的差异,对不同图像块和不同颜色通道都进行同等处理,导致去噪图像中同时出现过平滑和欠平滑现象。针对这些问题,本文提出一种自适应非局部3维全变分去噪算法。方法 利用一个非局部3维全变分正则项获取彩色图像块内和块间的相似性信息,同时在优化模型的保真项内嵌入一个自适应权重矩阵,该权重矩阵可以根据每次迭代得到的中间去噪结果的剩余噪声来调整算法在每个图像块、每个颜色分量以及每次迭代中的去噪强度。结果 通过不同的高斯噪声添加方式得到两个彩色噪声图像数据集。将本文算法与其他6个基于全变分的算法进行比较,采用峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)和结构相似性(structural similarity, SSIM)作为客观评价指标。相比于对比算法,本文算法在两个噪声图像数据集上的平均PSNR和SSIM分别提高了0.161.76 dB和0.12%6.13%,并获得了更好的图像视觉效果。结论 本文去噪算法不仅更好地兼顾了去噪与保边功能,而且提升了稳定性和鲁棒性,显示了在实际图像去噪中的应用潜力。     

城市道路交通噪声的防治

分析了城市道路交通噪声的危害,介绍了减少交通噪声的几种控制措施,提出对城市道路交通噪声综合防治的观点,从而把城市道路交通噪声控制在容许范围内,为市民提供一个良好的生活环境.     

城市地下商场声环境调查评价

本文在城市地下建筑声环境调查的基础上，就我国南北几个城市地下商业建筑声环境状况进行分析和评价，并提出城市人防地下商场声环境评价标准和处理建议。     

Stochastic response of hysteretic systems

This paper deals with approximate stochastic response of hyseretic structures under white noise excitation, based on It stochastic differential equations. Instead of the original system an equivalent nonlinear system is considered, in which the drift vector is given by a series expansion of the order n 1 in terms of the state variables. n = 1 represents the well-known case of equivalent linearization. Components in the drift vector representing the nonanalytical constitutive equations are replaced by a cubic polynomial expansion. The hierarchy of statistical moment equations is closed by a cumulant neglect closure scheme. The method has been applied to a bilinear single degree-of-freedom system subjected to white noise excitation, for which an equivalent system with a cubic series expansion to the constitutive equation is considered. The results obtained are compared with those of numerical simulation and alternative methods, and they provide substantial improvements compared to equivalent linearization.     

某甲级写字楼VAV空调机房噪声治理的体会

甲级写字楼对噪声标准要求较高,采用变风量(VAV)空调系统必须对噪声源及消声、隔声措施重点关注;噪声治理是系统工程,需要隔声、吸音、消声措施同时实施。噪声治理成本极高,且由于各种条件限制,后期治理未必能达到理想效果。     

改进型涡凹气浮工艺浓缩剩余活性污泥试验研究

为了考察改进型涡凹气浮设备MCAF-10浓缩剩余活性污泥的性能,在朝阳洲污水处理厂对MCAF-10浓缩剩余污泥进行了试验研究,结果表明：絮凝剂采用FO4440SH,最佳投加量为1.0 kg/tDS,表面活性剂采用1 227,最佳投加量0.2 kg/tDS,最佳固体负荷和水力负荷分别为270 kgMLSS/m^2.d1、10 m^3/m^2.d,出水SS为100～150 mg/L,与CAF-5浓缩剩余活性污泥时最佳固体负荷和水力负荷分别为230 kgMLSS/m^2.d9、0 m^3/m^2.d,出水SS为200～250 mg/L相比,提高了涡凹气浮污泥浓缩工艺的处理能力,降低了出水SS浓度,MCAF工艺比CAF工艺更适合于剩余活性污泥的浓缩。     

人防地下旅馆声环境

本文就国内已经营的一些人防地下旅馆进行声环境调查和测定,按功能要求提出地下旅馆声环境推荐标准,对调查结果作分析评价,最后提出改善地下旅馆声环境状况的意见和建议,供设计和经营管理部门参考。     

Statistical Determination of Ignition Frequency of Structural Fires in Different Premises in Finland

Ignition frequencies and ignition frequencies per floor area were determined for different building categories in Finland as total groups and as a function of the floor area of the building. These frequencies are needed as input for risk analysis using performance based fire safety design. It was found that differences between building categories or location within country were so small that a universal curve for the whole country could be determined. For ignition frequency per floor area for small buildings a strong dependence on size is observed, but it remains approximately constant for larger buildings. Additionally periodical variations of ignition frequency of buildings by month and week of year, day of week, and time of day were determined. Historical review of the development of ignition frequency models was made. Some evaluation on the generality of the results was made based on the theoretical models.     

水力空化强化臭氧消毒技术的影响因素研究

采用水力空化强化臭氧消毒技术对饮用水进行消毒，考察了臭氧体积流量、多孔板的几何参数及其入口压力、pH值等对消毒效果的影响。试验结果表明：适宜的臭氧体积流量为0．04m^3／h；提高多孔板的入口压力有利于改善消毒效果；在入口压力一定的条件下，多孔板的孔径越小则消毒效果越好，而当总孔周长与总过流面积之比一定时，过流面积比越大则消毒效果越佳；当pH值为4～10时，提高pH值有利于改善灭菌效果；单独水力空化、臭氧氧化以及它们的联合工艺对细菌的杀灭均遵循表观一级动力学模型。